Solving the Israel-Palestine Conflict Dissertation

Solving the Israel-Palestine Conflict - Dissertation Example Muslims back the Palestinian people, while the Western –Christian countries back the Zionist country. Both the movements have demanded full legitimacy in the Holy land based on divine promises and historical rights that have been derived from the Bible. According to Maoz (2013), Israeli does not consider Palestine a legitimate nation with any link to Ertza Israel, but considers them as part of the greater Arab region. The paper in National Charter of 1964 as Maoz illustrates explains that Palestine is the homeland of Palestinians and are connected to the Zionist state through historical, material, and religious ties. The Jews according to this paper have no legitimate right over the land. A few Palestinian nationalists such as the Nashibis portrayed close ties with the Jewish state, and even had proposed a harmonious Jewish-Arab cooperation and coexistence in the Holy land. However, they were named traitors and assassinated by fellow Palestinians (Maoz, 2013). Similarly, the I srael Council for Israel -Palestine Peace (ICIPP), an Israel group had accepted and acknowledged the need to have a Palestinian state along the West bank in the late 1980s and early 1990s. However, similar conservative ideologies from the Zionist state thwarted such efforts (Maoz, 2013). ... Narratives according to Daoudi and Barrakat have the potential to indicate and perpetuate conflict, but can also lead to a harmonious understanding, leading to a permanent solution to the conflict. The problem in the two narrates is that both the Palestinians and the Israelites have much respect to the static narratives passed to them over generations; critiquing such narratives on their ancestry and rights especially to the Holy land is a taboo. However, as Daoudi and Barakat (2013) observe, the respect in which such narratives are held makes it impossible to question about; â€Å"what is not being narrated.† For example, though the Palestinians and Israelites have narratives that portray Jerusalem as their Holy city, no narrative pauses the question of â€Å"what is his tradition,† â€Å"his narrative,† â€Å"his culture,† and other questions that could make it possible for the other side to think over and above self-narrative, to the meaning and implica tion of the other party’s narrative (Daoudi and Barakat, 2013). The collective memory linked to such narratives on Jewish and Palestinian rights regarding the Holy land becomes an obstacle to coexistence and reconciliation; each party believe their own narrative without taking time to look beyond such narratives. Therefore, the strong conservative ideologies behind ancestry of the two different nations are the impediments towards finding a lasting solution to conflict in the West Bank and Gaza. Gorny (201090 explored the issue of understanding the â€Å"other† in formulating a solution to the current conflict between Palestinians and the Zionist state, and concluded that limitations in understanding the â€Å"other† and the strong religious conservative ideologies from the Palestinians

Automobile - Opel Essay Example for Free

Automobile Opel Essay Introduction – A museum is an institution that cares for (conserves) a collection of artefacts and other objects of scienti$c, artistic, cultural, or historical importance and makes them available for public viewing through exhibits that may be permanent or temporary. Museums have varying aims, ranging from serving researchers and specialists to serving the general public. Purpose of study – ?A car represents status. A car is symbol of power. There are many car enthusiast’s in our country. ?There are many rich people that own a antique or a latest high technology car. ? And on other had there are many people who cannot a/ord such an expensive car but have a great interest in them. ?Most of the car museums we see holds only the vintage cars. ?Thus there is a need felt to provide a new building typology which can o/er a range of cars to view, from vintage to the modern, for all the car enthusiast’s to look out. SOURABH SHALGAR FOURTH YEAR (CM) ROLL NO:27 1 An Automobile Museum – Same as an ordinary museum, an Automobile museum is a museum where a range to cars are for display for the people to view. Purpose of an Automobile Museum – ?The main purpose is to provide a stage where people can display there cars. ?Giving people an opportunity to see a wide range of cars under one roof. ?Along with that providing ancillary activities such as a track for drag racing , where various events can be performed. ?Helping the car companies to display there cars which can help them advertising there brand, and giving a chance to people to compare between to companies. ?Along with that to provide all the amenities to ensure the comfort of the visitor. ?To make the Museum a tourist attraction so that it will be a revenue generation place for the city. Aim – ?Attract people to visit the museum. SOURABH SHALGAR FOURTH YEAR (CM) ROLL NO:27 2? To provide display for a variety of cars and companies. ?To knowledge people about history of the car companies. ?To make the museum a tourist attraction point. ?To entertain the visitors. Design Strategies – To achieve the aims , the components which can be used in design are ; ?Granduarness should be created by the structure which can act as the landmark of that place. ?Ambience should be created such that visitors should enjoy. ?Display areas created should keep the Status and luxury of the car companies. ?Metal Innovative Architecture must be used to give the structure the iconic look. SOURABH SHALGAR FOURTH YEAR (CM) ROLL NO:27 3.

Organizational Structure Impact on Employee Attitude

Organizational Structure Impact on Employee Attitude 1 INTRODUCTION The problem with all major organisations and even small businesses are the organisational structure they use and work with. How limited the resources are and even how employees are ranked and how they should work in teams and in what type of relationship they can work with the other employees. The study of how employees react towards these structures and how they perform under these structures can show how important it really is for organisations to implement the correct structure for there specific environment the organisation is working in. When looking at factors such as the organisational structures itself, employee performance and attitudes, productivity, the factors influencing the structures, decentralisation and centralisation, one can identify if there is any relationship between the structures chosen and employees performance and attitudes. Employees attitudes and performance has an impact on how the organisation performs, and if every employees work is done correctly and if employees enjoy their working conditions. Now if a organisational structure has an influence on the performance and attitude of employees organisations should study these problems and make use of new structures to improve employees, to give them a productive and innovative working team to achieve the competitive edge and advantage. 2 LITERATURE REVIEW Can organisational structure have an impact on employee attitude and performance? And why? Organisations strive to be the best competitor in the environment they are competing in, now if the structure they are using can have an influence on how employees are productive, they should examine this fact, productivity must be high for any organisation to achieve the competitive advantage. But if low can take the organisation down the drain. The organisational structure is the way of doing business, how each change is implemented and how each job description is made, how the communication of the organisation will work and the strategic plan to improve productivity. If one then take the elements of an organisational structure and examine them to see if it can make a difference in how work is done and managed. These elements are decentralisation, centralisation and levels of management, and these elements are the main foundation of any organisational structure. But how can the structure have an influence on the attitude and performance of employees? Peter Christensen has identified the main objective in the study of employees relationship with organisational structure. He said that Maslows theory of needs identifies the security and safety needs, and is safe to say that all employees who had security and safety in their working environment will have a positive reaction towards the management and organisational structure if coordinated correctly. How do we give employees security and safety in a working environment, one work on the attitude and performance of each employee. By examining this problem and illuminate it from working conditions one ca n have a structure that helps employees react better and work faster and harder. The main objective of the study is to identify and examine if this is true and why it is true (Wohner 2011). 3 ORGANISATIONAL STRUCTURE DEFINED Organisational structures is the coordination of a specific organisations individuals and team work. If an organisation coordinates the individuals work they can achieve all goals and objectives set. A organisational structure is one of few tools an organisation can use to coordinate and manage all employees, because of the way it shows the different reporting relationships, cut out the middleman in the communication structure and identifies the employees actions and how they come together. All types of organisations can use structures, some differ from others but all structures have some advantages and disadvantages. Even though an organisation has the best structure it is not something the organisation should leave and not manage, some of the best structures have failed because of a lack of management and it is not the best suitable structure for the environment the organisation does business in (Carpenter, Bauer Erdogan 2009). 4 EMPLOYEE PERFORMANCE DEFINED Employee performance is a set of standards set out for each employees behaviour in his or her working environment. The specific criteria not only focuses on how the employee makes use of his time, by doing his work, but can be compared by some standards set out by the employer (Moore 2011). 5 EMPLOYEE ATTITUDE DEFINED Attitude is a set beliefs, values and feelings to make a person act in the way they do. But if used in the context of employee attitude, there is a bigger picture to the word attitude. There is several elements of employee attitude: If a employee is interested in the job/work they are doing. If the employee doesnt need to be supervised. If the employee can plan ahead. If the employee has a positive outlook on the environment. If the employee is contributing towards other work. (Clark 2011). 6 PRODUCTIVITY DEFINED Productivity can be defined as the overall output of goods or services produced divided by the inputs needed to generate that output. (Robbins Coulter 2003: 527). Some factors which can have a impact on productivity is: employee attitude, the owner (boss), health, working environment, working equipment, outsourcing and downsizing. 7 TRADITIONAL STRUCTURE VS NEW MODERN STRUCTURES By examining an organisations structure one can identify one of two management styles, these management styles indicate how the organisation is run and if employees perform better or worse. The two main styles are: A hierarchical management structures (traditional structure). A flatter and more open humanistic management structures (New modern structure). (Organisation Structure: the two main types 2011). 7.1 The traditional organisational structure Traditional organisational structures most common fact is that it shows the boundary between the management level and the lower levels (normal working employees). The only reason for this boundary is to show that management is first on the hierarchy and that all decisions has to be made by them. Whereas employees are seen as bottom dwellers and they are unimportant in their working environment, this however gives the management more stress and has an impact on the training and motivation for the rest of the employees. There then follows a reaction on employee attitude and how the employees act towards management. The traditional structure has two levels: Level one: Managers The three levels inside the first levels are: 1.1 Top management 1.2 Middle management 1.3 Lower management Level two: Employees This type of structure is very ancient and research shows that humans has used it from the start of humanity. However the structure is common it has some advantages and is most used if a group has to work together to find solutions for problems. This type of management style is used in armed forces and is also known as the military management style (Organisation Structure: the two main types 2011). 7.2 The modern organisational structure The main difference between the new structures and the traditional structures is that there is no clear boundary between employee and management in the new structure, but as stated there is some boundaries in the traditional ones. This type of structure is more flatter and open and employees and management can be seen as equal persons aiming for the same goal. This gives employees the right to use their creativity and receives rewards for the work they have done. Rewards = satisfied employees = positive employee attitude = higher productivity. Some aspects of modern structures are: Individuals and teams who can manage themselves. Employees become multi skilled. Training investments increase. Few status distinctions. More goals are achieved. Employee security is higher. Outsourcing becomes more flexible. A more stable structure. (Organisation Structure: the two main types 2011). 8 TYPES OF MODERN ORGANISATIONAL STRUCTURES The six main organisational structures: Functional Organisational Structure Geographic Organisational Structure Product Organisational Structure User/Market Organisational Structure Hybrid Organisational StructureÂÂ   Matrix Organisational Structure (Ledbetter 2003). 9 PROBLEMS WITH ORGANISATIONAL STRUCTURES Organisational structures can never show all of the links involved in the organisation. Communicating with other employees on different levels. Department conflict. Quality problems. The time it takes on developing products takes longer. Customer demands become to high for certain levels. (Liebowitz Associates 2008). Some organisations find it difficult to respond (Organisation Structure: the two main types 2011). 10 THE FACTORS INFLUENCING THE CHOICE OF STRUCTURE USED The size of the organisation: some companies will have a more intense chain of command and more levels in the hierarchy structure. How well the employees are skilled: a Matrix structure will be preferred if the company has a high level of skilled workers. The style of leadership preferred: if owners wish to keep control they will use a narrow structure and some who wants employees to make own decisions will use a more wider structure. Type of objectives set for the organisation: if companies want to grow faster they will need a wide structure. External factors:ÂÂ  if the world or country is in recession the organisation will need to cut some of the employees and change the structure from wide to narrow or make it more flatter. Technological changes:ÂÂ  the development of administrative systems disables the layer of administration and the company will remove some of the employees in the category. When organisations choose a structure they should be careful, the wrong structure can have huge impacts on the communication, costs, how decisions are made, and in motivating employees. This has the same effect on the employees attitudes towards the structure and will end up in having lower productivity (Organisational structures 2009). 11 DECENTRALIZED AND CENTRALIZED ORGANISATIONAL STRUCTURES Centralisation Decentralization 11.1 Description of centralization and decentralization Centralisation: more important decisions are made at the higher levels of the structures. Decentralization: many decisions are made at lower levels, this gives employees the motivation to be creative and be innovative, and solve the problems in their own sectors. (Carpenter, Bauer Erdogan 2009). 11.2 Centralisation Definition: Centralisation is a process in which the decision making is assigned to the different higher levels of the structure. Centralisation keeps employees from the knowledge and information, when an organisation uses only top management to make decisions they take away the creativity of employees and only tell employees what to do. What happens to employees when they arent motivated and self manageable, they cant solve problems on their own, if top management is to slow for the decision making process. Centralisation has a broad span of control in top levels and more tiers in the structure of the organisation (Centralization and decentralization 2011). 11.3 Decentralization Definition: It is a process where lower levels of the organisation has decision making privileges. Decentralization is the movement of decision making to some of the other department of the organisation, these departments can be the branches, other divisions and some of the subcontractors. If given all employees the right to make decisions, it gives the organisation more creativity, knowledge and ideas to work with. Employees are given more authority and can improve their attitudes if they fell wanted in the organisation. The structures span of control is smaller and more levels are given. (Centralization and decentralization 2011). 11.4 The three forms of decentralization Deconcentration: this is the lowest level of decentralisation and decisions are made by lower levels of the organisation. Delegation: Is a more advanced system of decentralisation, the decisions are made by lower levels but they have more authority in the organisation. Devolution: this type of decentralisation only uses autonomous organisational units when making decisions. (Centralization and decentralization 2011). 11.5 Strengths of centralisation Organisational change is made by the top levels and uses the vision of the leaders. The decision making process is strong and based on the visions of the higher management. The execution of the decisions made, is fast and coordinated and are able to respond much faster in with some of the major problems. Conflict is restricted, this is because only higher management can make decisions and everyone has to do what is expected from them. (Centralization and decentralization 2011). 11.6 Strengths of decentralisation Decentralisation focuses more on bottom-up decision making, culture of the organisations employees and of the organisational culture and the training of employees. The decision making process is more detailed and democratic. The execution of decisions is more emergent and flexible to change. (Centralization and decentralization 2011). 12 HOW ORGANISATIONAL PERFORMANCE IS AFFECTED BY ORGANISATIONAL STRUCTURE From small business ownerships to bigger organisations wants better performance in all their levels, from production to human resources. This is the vision of most companies to be better as their competitors by performing better. The main idea of an organisational structure is to improve decision making and to identify how the organisation is working and who has the authority to make the important decisions and what team works in which department and programs. Employees wants to be recognized in a firm or in their department. When employees are recognized they are motivated. This gives them the positive attitude towards the organisation and the management of the organisation, when employees attitudes change from negative to positive they perform better, which is what organisations want; higher performance from employees. Now if the structure is made from the idea of the old traditional type of body, employees cant get the motivation and positive attitude, which in turn gives a lower performance ratio towards the organisation or smaller business. This type of structure is not the only one that can have an negative influence on employees, even more modern structures can, if not used in the correct way or if the structure is not made for the type of organisation. (Meijaard, Brand Mosselman. 2002). 13 EMPLOYEE ATTITUDE The attitude of employees towards the organisation is counted as everything. When employees are motivated and positive they are more productive, and its not science to see it. Promoting from within will also increase the strong values and norms, build loyalty, and encourage employees to work harder to advance within the company which gives them the motivation they need to perform better. Negative attitudes can be a death sentence for any organisation. When giving employees the right to authority they become more positive and thus gives more attention towards their work and enjoys working for the company, they feel more wanted and more recognized by the organisation and then contributes more, this is what productivity is about: every employee giving their best to make sure the organisation performs. However employees with a negative attitude can drag the team or department down the drain and drain the positive attitudes of other employees and, in turn, make them negative (Stringer 200 7). 13.1 Organizational Structure There will always be some factors that an organisation cannot change or manage. And some of these factors may have an influence on the organisational structure and employee attitudes. Structures determine how the employees work together to achieve their goals, when the factors which have an influence on the structure cannot be managed the organisation cannot achieve what they are aiming for. One of these factors is organisational culture, culture is the way employees think, feel and behave, how their values and beliefs come together to work in a team or as an individual. Some other factors can be: Employee relationships: If employees work together in a team towards a goal they have to be able to work freely and have a positive relationship with other employees and management.(George Jones, 2005). ÂÂ   Communication: employees communicate with each other they build their relationships, to make sure they are able to do so, the organisational structure needs to be designed to accommodate these types of communication and to give employees the freedom to do so. This has a huge effect on how employees attitudes are towards each other and how they perform together when working in teams. Employee satisfaction and reactions: employee satisfaction and reactions can be seen in seven different areas, namely; 1) internal work motivation, 2) growth satisfaction, 3) general satisfaction, 4) social satisfaction, 5) supervisory satisfaction, 6) security satisfaction and 7) pay satisfaction. All of these factors have an influence on the type of structure used and in the end have an influence on how the employees attitudes are towards the organisation and then have the positive or negative output on the productivity (Oldham Hackman 1981). 14 PRODUCTIVITY How the specific organisational structure is designed and how the higher levels of management provide sufficient motivation for employees, can break the business or can turn it positive to become successful. The design of the structure should be studied thoroughly to ensure that there is no cracks or loose ends in the structure, if it isnt, the organisation has the risk of demotivating employees and having a negative influence on their attitude, this can cause that the design has an influence on the productivity of the organisation and every employee, and in the end they may loose some employees in the future because of bad management and a lack of a perfect structure (Math 2010). Some factors influencing productivity: Confidence: organisational structures that are more consistent gives employees security and a positive attitude. A consistent structure is one where the hiring of employees are within the organisation, when employees are promoted when they are effective and when employees can relax about job loss. If an organisation has a consistent structure employees will devote them selves and perform the best at the jobs, which gives an organisation a higher production rate (Math 2010). Shared Goals: a transparent structure can have an impact on how employees strive towards the goals of the division, when an organisation can set their own goals and meet them with the goals of employees, they will be able to move the team into a better productive mode and achieve higher standards. Organisations can, for example; if they are busy with a new budget and plans for the next financial year, they can share it with middle management and ask them to do so with their own divisions and sectors. This will show the employees the goals of the organisation, when these goals are set each employee can set his or her goals which they want to achieve for the next year. Organisations can also notify employees when goals are met, so that these employees can see how their progress are going to make sure all goals are met and achieved (Math 2010). Accountability: All organisations should have some type of reporting system, when this system is not in place, employees will not know what to do with problems or new ideas. The idea of these types of systems is to make sure that no information will be lost, when employees have challenges they should be able to talk to someone to make it better, if an employee has a better way of doing his job, it should be looked at and the new idea be explored. However if this system is not strong, this information can get lost and will demotivate employees and give them negative attitudes towards management which will have an influence on the culture of the organisation and success of the organisation (Math 2010). 15 WHY ORGANISATIONAL STRUCTURES IMPROVE THE ATTITUDE AND PERFORMANCE OF EMPLOYEES Greater employee security: Maslows hierarchical model shows that any persons security needs are high. If organisational structures improves employee security, the out come will be a employee with a positive attitude and a employee who will work towards goals. Employees will work together to achieve greatness and have an different job attitude. Flexible management structures: Management is one of the most important factors of an organisation, how they do their work and how they treat employees. But within traditional structures one cannot have these types of flexible management structures, but can have it when in a modern structure. A flexible management structure gives the employees the motivation to be a part of a team and an idea. Employees that are given the opportunity to make a contribution towards a working program and give ideas are more positive in the sense that they feel wanted by the organisation and are not just a number on a system. People become multi skilled: Working in a organisation that uses an traditional type of structure limits each employees job specifications. The implication of this is that employees cant grow and become multi skilled. Working in other types of modern structures gives employees the freedom of to contribute in other programs and is able to give his own input when working in teams. The importance of multi skilled employees is not only to have one employee which can do two or more jobs, but it gives the employee motivation and self respect. Employees who are motivated and whose self respect is high has a positive attitude and will have an impact on productivity. Self managing individuals: Every employer wants employees who can think for themselves. When an employee can manage themselves the manager or boss will not have to tell them what to do and how to do the specific task, will have less conflict and be more positive, the whole reason for this is no employee wants to be treated as if he is a child. Now, if all employees are self managed, management will not have to do check ups and can do their own work faster, this will increase the working capacity which will lead to higher production levels. 16 CONCLUSION The examination of this thematic independent study shows that how an organisation centralises or decentralises, use different number of management levels and how the departmentalization is used is the key factors of an organisational structure. These factors of the structures has an affect on how creative and innovative employees are. Which has an outcome on the performance and attitudes of employees. When all these factors come together they form a organic and strong structure which in turn will have an positive outcome on the whole organisational environment. The organisational structure should be decentralized, efficient, flexible and help achieve innovativeness. There are some factors which also have an influence on the structure chosen such as the suppliers number of clients and employee numbers but the organisations should always have in mind that they have to keep employees motivated and positive towards their working environment. For it is the employees who produce the servic e and/ or product. The study clearly identifies the relationship between a structure and employee attitude and performance and is clear to understand that this relationship is complex and should be thoroughly studied and reviewed to make sure it is the best structure fitted for the organisation to help employees perform better and positive. All organisations should choose between structures and choose the correct on for the environment and for employees, it is important to stay open minded and think clearly to make sure all employee are satisfied and have the right attitude and perform to the best of their abilities, structures can have an influence on these factors and because it does organisations should spend more time on the problem of how different structures can have a better production outcome.

The Globe Theater :: European Europe History

The Globe Theater Among the many famous writers we have studied this year is William Shakespeare. Shakespeare's life was assuredly most intriguing. Seeking answers, we had simple questions we wanted to determine. What were his morals? His passions? His legacy? When studying Shakespeare, we found that his life revolved around the Globe Theatre. Naturally we wanted to see why Shakespeare spent so much of his life involved in the Globe. The first Globe lasted from 1599-1613. Additionally, this structure was called the "wooden o" playhouse. Before the Globe, there was another "Theatre", which many people do not realize. "The Theatre" prospered for 21 years. Refusing to renew the players' lease, the landowner Giles Allen caused an unexpected problem for the players. James Burbage had recently died and his two sons, Richard and Cuthbert became managers. Although Allen owned the land, the sons owned the Theatre, and they wanted their valuable timber. In desperation, the brothers decided to take action. They leased land across the river and they waited until Christmastime to strike, when they could be sure Allen was away on vacation. At night they began to dismantle the Theatre piece by piece and floated it across the river Thames. With the timber, the brothers and their friends reconstructed their cherished playhouse. Because of the saying "the whole world is a stage" they would call it the Globe Theatre. By the middle of 1599 the Globe opened and was a huge success. Audiences were packed in "the house with a thatched roof", sometimes even so much as three thousand people could be held at once. For sixpence the rich sat in the Lord's Rooms to get a better view, which were on the top half of the Globe. For threepence they sat on cushions in the Gentlemen's Rooms. For twopence they perched on hard wooden benches, but most were called "groundlings" who paid a penny to stand in the yard beneath the open roof. Interestingly enough, there were two trap doors, the trap door to heaven and the trap door to hell. Since the players already had to pay for the structure most of the actors actually lived in the Theatre. During a play of Henry the V, a spark from a cannon accidentally caught the thatched roof on fire and the whole Globe was burned down in less than an hour. Yet within a year a second Globe was built and completed in 1614 but the Puritans tore it down in 1644.

Somaliland

SAHAL SERVICE: INTRODUCTION AND BACKGROUND Somalia is located in the horn of Africa with boundaries to Ethiopia, Djibouti and Kenya. Somalia's last full functional government collapsed in 1991. Since then Somalia has been ruled by transitional governments backed by the United Nations and international unions and now the Somali federal government. Somaliland north part of the Somalia declared itself as separate sovereignty in 1992, although there is no country still recognized its sovereignty, similarly, Puntland; the north eastern regions of Somalia, established the semi- autonomous administration called Puntland state of Somalia in 1998.After the collapse of central government of Somalia, financial institutions destroyed, the central bank of Somalia was malfunctioning with no enough authority to manage the monetary system of the country. The country's cash management system became night mire, with no central management for the cash receipts of the country. The inflation reached at its peak with 30,000 so.sh exchanged to 1$ in 2008 and the management of cash to businesses and day to day transactions become too risky and costly. Somaliland launched new currency notes named Somaliland shillings in October 1994 to resolve financial disturbances from the rest of Somalia.In 2010 mobile money transfer has emerged in the horn of Africa country, Somalia; the telecommunications companies operated in Somalia started the mobile money transfer service, Golis Telecom Company, hormuud telecom and telesom company covering the three zones in Somalia namely Somaliland, puntland and south central somalia. Golis telecom covered mobile money transfer services named SAHAL SERVICE in Puntland state, telesom company covered Somaliland and called it ZAAD SERVICE and hormuud telecom covered south central Somalia named its service as EVC PLUS.The emergency of mobile banking in Somalia started a new era in the field of bank system in Somalia. This new system has solved a lot of financial constrains faced the business and commerce in Somalia and started improving transactions and cash security in the country.Sahal service which is the mobile money transfer offered by golis telecommunication company has been launched in 2009 in all over puntland. This includes the major cities in puntland such as bosaso, garowe and galkacyo. The service which is owned and offered by golis Telecommunication Company, the largest telecom company in the region, with more than 15000 active subscribers (2015) has been easily accepted by the community which highly suffered the malfunction of monetary system in the country.Sahal service in puntland offer the community to the following services:Money transfer. Mobile paymentMobile banking and servicesMobile airtimeMobile remittanceMoney transfer service:Sahal service offered customers to transfer money from one to another, they can transfer from small fraction of amount ranging from 0.1$ to unlimited us dollars. Golis Company charged this service initially to small amount of which is as follows:Golis later decided to keep all the services free of charge. This service works as follows; the customer needs to deposit his cash amount to his mobile phone by visiting golis sales center. Later the customer can send the money back to other customers with sahal service where ever he is in Somalia.This service has largely been used by businesses and individuals for the transitions between the cities and regions and has been widely accepted by the community since it is cheaper than the normal remittances working in the region such as dahalshiil, amal or iftin. This is the graphical representation of how sahal service works: Mobile payment (paybills): This is another service offered by the golis telecom company's SAHAL SERVICE. Mobile payment is also called merchant number and is intended to replace cash transactions between businesses and people. Golis customer has to get merchant number from golis sales offices and it is used for that business only, it cannot be used personal. You can get merchant number only if you have a running business with a name and location. After you get merchant number, the customer will do payment through this merchant number. The merchant number does not charge the customers as well as the owners, it is free of charge. The merchant number is bounded by cities and regions and cannot cross across different cities. If you wish to send money from one city to another for purchases, merchant number will not help you and will not work for that purpose instead you have to use sahal money transfer service. Merchant number offered by golis telecom has helped businesses to run their business with or without cash transactions. It increased the security of their transactions by keeping transactions with their merchant numbers history. The merchant person will go to golis offices to get the transactions he made this year or this month or simply a specific customer. This has increased the reliability and confidence of the merchants and they are heavily relied on this service. This service has changed the dynamics of the business transactions in puntland and it fills the gap of securing business transactions and payments in which otherwise the government should have to deal with. On the other side, there is a widespread believe that sahal service dominated the cash transactions in the country and if this service goes as it is now for many years there is a possibility that it will degrade the cash system of the country hence it should be regulated and concretely managed by the concerned government agencies. Use of Paybills service from golis telecom is shown graphically below: Mobile banking system:Sahal service has an additional service called kaaftoon, this service connects your salaam bank account into your mobile with the help of sahal service. The customer who needs to use this service should first have sahal service enabled in his mobile phone, then your salaam bank account can be tailored to your sahal service simply by asking salaam bank offices to do so. After it is being opened, you will be able to deposit and retrieve you money to your bank account. Similarly, you can send and retrieve money from the other salaam bank account anywhere in the country.Kaaftoon services become the biggest nightmare for other competitor banks. It helped salaam bank which is co-owned by golis telecom to enter market tremendously and get a huge market share with the minimum amount of time. The community highly welcomed This service as it is a new service enabled with the latest technology and removed the constraint of lining up the bank offices to deposit or withdraw cash your account. The kaaftoon service works as follows; the customer should deposit cash money to his sahal service by visiting golis sales offices and depositing money to them then they will credit your sahal service account as per the requirement. Then inside your phone you can deposit the amount required to your salaam bank account and send money to other salaam bank accounts if required. Similarly you can withdraw money deposited in your salaam account into your sahal service and use it. You really don't require visiting salaam bank office or ATM machine to withdraw cash.The amount of money to withdraw or deposit using kaaftoon service is as follows; you can withdraw or deposit minimum of 10$, it will not accept below 10$. But you can withdraw and deposit as much as you need. This gives the customers a huge flexibility of managing their transactions and business into their premises. Mobile airtime: Mobile airtime is also another feature which allows customers to get golis airtime from their sahal service, this service give customers the ability to get airtime to their mobile phones by using their sahal service, similarly they are allowed to give airtime to their friends and any golis subscriber. Before sahal service come into existence, scratch cards, golis centers and agents used to give customers the airtime they need. Small amount of service fee are charged to the customers by the agents. But when sahal service begin to work all airtime work has shifted to the sahal service. Still there are agents of airtime which help customers those do not have registered sahal service to get their required airtime but they use their agency within sahal service. Al though this shift of airtime paradigm lost jobs and services but the subscribers get the flexibility to manage their airtime. Mobile remittance (taaj service):The mobile remittance service or taaj service has been included sahal service package in the year 2015. Taaj is a subsidiary company of a sis companies named HTG (hormuud, telesom and golis) and formarly known as BARAKAAT REDSEA COMPANY. The company have been subsidized according to the locations and clan boundaries in Somalia. This gave birth to group of sister companies of HTG group. Taaj remittance belongs to HTG and it is supported by all the mobile banking systems of these companies viz SAHAL, ZAAD and EVCPLUS services.Taaj Remittance Company has been introduced in the Somali market in the year 2012, and has gained a large market share immediately, compelling the competitor companies with large market share to enter into the telecommunications company. The gaint Somali remittance companies', dahalshiil group and amal bank both entered the telecom company by forming SOMTEL and AMTEL companies respectively.The main aim of creating SOMTEL and AMTEL by dahabshiil and amal companies is the risk they faced from such technology as taaj company with the help of mobile banking systems such sahal service. Somtel has been largely launched Somalia at large and has come with their mobile banking system named E-DAHAB.AMTEL Company has been launched in the year 2017 and it is still in its initial start up phases.Since the collapse of Somali government in 1991, Somali community has largely become immigrant in almost all over the world. Somali communities in different parts of the world use to send money in their families back home. The banking system of the country collapsed and the transfer of money from abroad to the country become difficult and that time Somali remittance companies has emerged and take their role in transferring money between communities abroad and Somalis in Somalia. Coming back to sahal service package, taaj service is one of the services supported by sahal service, it supports both local and international money transfer and it works as follows: The person should deposit the amount of money to send into his sahal service. By using his sahal service, person should follow procedure accordingly and provide all the required information as seen graphically below: Challenges confronted sahal service in puntland:Introducing sahal service into the market met challenges which include technology related issues, reliability and money exchange business. We will address these three challenges below and how sahal service survived from these two challenges.Deficiency of sahal service technology:The customer got caught by lack of knowledge from this new technology in which they feel a huge risk of their money. They didn't have prior knowledge of such technology nor it is something they use to see. This makes the service rigid and decreases its reliability and flexibility. Golis telecom company which is the owner of sahal service started the service as follows; the company run the service only to its employees initially, to check whether the service runs as planned and rectify errors if any. This initially run of the service lasts for three months in which they send employee salaries, bonuses etc to this service, then the company opened the service to its customers by putting a lot of efforts to encourage customers the reliability, confidentiality and security of the service. They put a huge amount of marketing money to introduce and convince the customers to the new service. Golis telecom established a huge lcd tv's to many of its centers explaining how to use the service from technology point of view. Similarly they put advertisement agencies such as TV's, radios and newspapers explaining the same. This helped customers to understand the service and use it. Leter, sahal service customers started to increase each month. Reliability of the service:Inutility, customers got suspicious about the reliability of the service, they didn't convince to put their money in mobile phone and let it go. They believed the possibility that the company may collapse, or they misuse their money. Similarly since there is no strong financial system in the country they feel keeping their money with them is best policy. Golis telecom survived this problem as follows; first of all the service was not only run in golis telecom or in puntland but all across Somalia. ZAAD and EVC PLUS have been introduced in hargaisa and Mogadishu respectively. The introduction of the similar service across the country convinced the customers that the service has its demands now and may be it is the time to keep your money in mobile phones. The other asset which helped the company to convince the customers is the customer loyalty to the company. The company has made a clean image from fraud and financial mismanagement during its existence and the customers feel it that way and it increased its reliability. Similarly golis telecom run a lot of sales offices to handle sahal service customer care and customer issues in which it poured a huge money to immediately retrieve customer money in cash in case needed. This step greatly influenced the mindset of the customers and increased their confidentiality since their money is available 24/7 in cash or in the mobile phone.Money exchange businesses:Merchants from money exchanges business who do currency exchange from dollars to Somali shillings and vice versa saw sahal service as their biggest threat. These group of business people immediately felt that if this service runs successfully all those exchange businesses will not live peacefully side by side instead sahal service is the end money exchange business. This is true in a way that no one will need to go exchange business to do exchanges from dollar to Somali shillings and vice versa since sahal service will do this and many more services. These group have tried to ruin the service and publicly misinform the community by spreading negative propaganda about the service and mostly aligning the service with financial fraud.Golis telecom company stuck to its plan of fighting and convincing the community the services offered by sahal service and its benefits. Their main defence strategy was security and convinced the community golis is the right place to secure their money instead of holding and incurring security costs similarly since there is no fully working financial banks both public and private there was a huge need of financial services which is better than the current unstructured financial systems and services. This is the place where sahal service got the attention of community as whole.

What to do with a Bad Book

What to do with a Bad Book Weve all read them. The books not edited well enough. The books that probably shouldnt have been published. The books that made you scratch your head wondering what the author was thinking. â€Å"Life is too short to read books that Im not enjoying.† ~Melissa Marr â€Å"Be as careful of the books you read, as of the company you keep; for your habits and character will be as much influenced ~Paxton Hood Many of my friends say they cannot put a book down without reading it all the way through, in hopes the book redeems itself. Others say they read at least half the book, giving the author the chance to find the story. Sorry, I dont have the time. It frustrates readers when we spend our hard-earned spare time, as well as the money, only to feel weve wasted both. Thats why we often wait until someone we trust has vetted it, or it hits some best-seller list because we invest. Its why we read the sample pages on Amazon or Kindle. But I have a suggestion. If you indeed are a writer with goals to improve, if you hope one day to publish a story of your own, then next time a bad book falls into your lap, read it anyway. And as you go, mark it up. You dont care if you write in a bad book. You wont pass it on anyway. Note the bad dialogue, lack of internal monologue, poor flow, shallow characterization. Cross out the character that really didnt propel the story, and embellish the setting. Add scent where there is none, and chop out the words that stood in the way of a crisp point. Highlight, write, cross out, bend pages. The book is no good anyway, right? This is where you learn more about how to edit . . . and how to write. You take this piece of crap and you make it worthy. Its difficult to edit your own work, so why not hone your skills We learn from good writing, but we can learn from the bad if we take the time to understand the reasons the bad did not make the cut.

50 Best Argumentative Research Paper Topics In 2018 - Paperell.com

50 Best Argumentative Research Paper Topics In 2018 50 Best Argumentative Research Paper Topics In 2018 If you are going to prove any hypothesis, you need to find arguments for it. You can be sure that your point of view is right until you meet a person that thinks that you are completely wrong. You may not find good arguments for your position and don’t present them in a convincing format. That’s why you will not convince this person and other members of a conversation that you are true. When working on an argumentative research paper, you need to find facts and proofs that support your position. You need to start with picking one of argumentative research paper topics for college students, defining your position on it, and looking for arguments for your point of view. There is a lot of interesting and good argumentative research paper topics. Of course, the hottest and the most arguable topics are connected with politics and religion; however, you can also find science, medicine, economics, and other topics. During argumentative essay writing, you should be ready for a discussion on it. You should prepare yourself to ask any questions or respond to counterarguments against your position. When a college student is working on such a paper, they should define their position on a topic and the whole research they are doing. Even if you think that this topic is not controversial, you can’t be a part of a discussion if you don’t have a clear position on it and that is why you need to take into account all pros and cons. Use your current knowledge, the information you have heard before, and clarify your point of view.How To Choose Interesting Topic For Argumentative Research Paper?Your topic should be arguable and gather people with different position around it; if it’s not arguable and most of the students have similar positions about it, there will not be a good discussion. The reason for writing such a paper is not only to discuss it. It also improves research skills of students, their ability of analysis, reading and writing skil ls. That’s why it is better to pick topics for argumentative research paper that help in developing necessary skills. Students should be able to find arguments for their position in credible sources. They can use their books, videos, articles, and newspaper for it, and make sure that it will be easy to find information that supports a specific opinion. The best argumentative research paper topics are negotiable. Each person may have their own position in a discussion. The goal is to prove this position by using credible arguments, not by cheating or using non-scientific methods of convincing. This is a good idea to pick a topic that is popular among students, such themes take more attention and are usually more negotiable. It can be facts, rumors from the news, or interesting stories heard on TV. If a problem makes many people doubt, this is also a good idea for an argumentative paper. If students cannot choose a specific point of view, they are usually looking for different arguments to tell. These arguments can help them get a more clear position. You should also not be afraid of fighting with arguments that deny your position, but prepare yourself for such things and how will you react to them wisely. There are ideas that have much more than two points of view. If each person has their own position on a specific problem, it will be more interesting and negotiable, so you should pay attention to such interesting argumentative research paper topics. Don’t pick obvious topics that were discussed many times – they could be very boring and non-negotiable but there are ideas that are discussed for thousands of years and they are still interesting. Issues connected with education and politics are always a great choice. Students are a part of the educational system and they also play a role in politics so such issues touch almost all students in all countries. If you need help with a research paper, you can use essay writing services. They help students to find writers that can write their papers.Good Argumentative Research Paper Topics For StudentsHere are a few examples of good topics for argumentative essays. You can pick one of them or select a more original idea for a discussion. Please avoid topics that can harm people based on their religion, nationality, or gender.Is obesity is a problem of American population?Should all students have a free access to the Internet for education?Students should be able to change a college curriculum due to their objectivesEnglish will be the official language in most of the countries in a few decadesEach student should learn at least three foreign languagesAdvertisement industry is all a lieEducation should be less expensive in order to involve more studentsSteroids should be forbiddenThe attention to sports in education system is too bigDiets are not as effective as they are presented to massesEight hours is a normal duration of sleep for every studentRisky sports should be forbid denParents shouldn’t allow their children to watch adult filmsTobacco and its smoking should be forbidden in most of the countriesGovernment should do more for fighting with alcoholism in USEnergetic drinks can be more dangerous than usual alcohol drinksFilming court proceedings shouldn’t be forbidden in any courtPeople should be allowed to start voting at the age of 25The usage of animals in research should be forbiddenEach person who causes environment pollution should be punishedGovernment need to work more on protection from tornadoesIndians that are living in US are not true representatives of their kindEach following financial crisis will be worse than previousAcceptance rates in should be much higher than nowThe legalization of gay marriages shows the high level of development of the countyHow to fight corruption more effectively?Communism as an ideology and communism in USSR are much different thingsChats of the web teach children of a bad grammarWhen using mod ern technologies, people become less intelligentThe usage of messengers has a bad influence on the culture of communicationEducational system should use more advantages of modern technologiesThe number of working hours should reduce from time to timeThe government should support social activists in their projectsCloning animals and people should be bannedModern art is mostly a lie and shouldn’t be called an art evenMovie can never be better than the book on which it is basedSong lyrics become worse with every yearBuying a lottery ticket is a bad idea for those who want to winThat is the problem that sports competitions takes much more attention than scientific eventsThe feminist movement becomes a problem for women who don’t join itDemocracy is not the best ideology for modern worldSocial media are not so dangerous as they told to beAre diaries still popular?Are public cameras a problem for a privacy?Is home schooling a problem for socialization of children?All subject s should be optional so students can choose other subjectsThis is the problem that modern films are more cruel than old filmsHistorical films should be based only on factsDo artists risk by their mental health when playing psychopaths and killers?People should read more booksIf you havent found something interesting for you, take a look at this 200 best topics for research paper in 2019.